What is Depression?

Depression is a common mental health problem that's more than just feeling unhappy or sad. Indeed, it's a long-lasting, often recurring illness that can be as debilitating as heart disease. In fact, one in five Australians experiences a mental health condition. Depression, as well as Anxiety, are the most common of these. (2022 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing of Adults, Australian Bureau of Statistics).

What Are the Symptoms?

Symptoms and severity can vary between individuals. However, some common signs include:

• Eating or sleeping too much or too little, including frequent waking during the night
• Loss of interest in daily activities, a lack of energy, or loss of sex drive
• Excessive crying and being easily upset
• Thoughts of suicide or feelings of wanting to escape from negative emotions
• Restlessness, agitation, and irritability
• Headaches, digestive disorders, or nausea
• Persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, isolation, helplessness, and hopelessness
• Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
• Feelings of guilt or worthlessness

What Causes Depression?

Depression can result from a combination of factors. Moreover, it's important to note that these factors can interact with each other.

• Environmental factors: Stress related to life stages, personal tragedies, family breakdown, or unemployment can contribute to depression. For example, the loss of a loved one or job insecurity can trigger depressive symptoms.
• Biological factors: An imbalance of brain chemicals can affect thoughts, emotions, and behaviour, leading to depressive symptoms. Furthermore, genetics can play a role in these chemical imbalances.
• Genetic factors: People can inherit a predisposition to depression. In addition, family history of mental health conditions can increase the risk.
• Personality: Some personality types, like those who set high standards, may be more prone to depression. However, it's important to remember that personality is just one factor among many.
• Thinking style: Negative thinking patterns can contribute to or maintain depression. Consequently, cognitive-behavioural therapy, which focuses on changing negative thought patterns, can be effective in treating depression.
• Past depressive episodes: Previous episodes of depression can increase the risk of future episodes. Therefore, early intervention and ongoing support are crucial for individuals who have experienced depression.
• Physical illness or medical conditions: Certain medical conditions and medications can trigger depression. For instance, chronic pain or certain thyroid disorders can contribute to depressive symptoms.
• Alcohol and other recreational drugs: Some substances can worsen depression or trigger it in some individuals. Thus, it's important to avoid or limit substance use if you're struggling with depression.

What Help Is Available?

If you're affected by or suffering from depression, Therapeutic Axis offers counselling and psychotherapy.

Common treatments include:

• Behavioural and lifestyle changes like exercise or improved sleep and diet.
• Counselling and psychotherapy including cognitive-behavioural therapy.
• Medication: Antidepressant medications can be prescribed by your GP. However, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the most appropriate treatment for your individual needs.
• Alternative therapies: while not a substitute for professional treatment, alternative therapies like yoga, meditation, or acupuncture can provide additional support and relaxation.

If you'd like more information it can be found at BeyondBlue and the Black Dog Institute.